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Oligo Chitosan (COS), also known as Oligo Chitosan, oligo glucosamine and Oligo Chitosan, is a kind of oligosaccharide, which is obtained by hydrolyzing chitosan and connecting 2-10 glucosamines through β - 1,4-glucosamine bond. Chitin is widely found in insects, crustacean shells, fungal cell walls and some algae. The deacetylation degree of chitin obtained after deacetylation is more than 70%. Its water solubility, human absorption rate, moisture absorption, moisture retention and antibacterial ability are inferior to chitin oligosaccharides. Oligosa Chitosan is the only alkaline polysaccharide with positive charge in nature, which has a variety of biological activities.

It has the advantages of nearly 100% non-toxic and easy to be absorbed in human body. In recent years, in the study of Alzheimer's disease, it has been found that Oligo Chitosans have certain effects on neuron cells, reactive oxygen species, β - secretase, copper ion, acetylcholinesterase, angiotensin converting enzyme, renin physiological activity and cell signal pathway, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and so on. In the past few decades, chitosan has attracted extensive attention for its applications in biomedical, food and chemical industries.

However,Oligo Chitosan is only dissolved in acidic solution, which limits its biological activity. Since its discovery, Oligo Chitosan has become a research hotspot of researchers, and has been listed as a key research project of sugar engineering in various countries. Oligosa Chitosan is the only positively charged, alkaline and water-soluble polysaccharide found in nature. It has superior biological activity and can be prepared by chitin and chitosan, which is known as the sixth major life factor.

It is found that Oligo Chitosan has good antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and is an ideal preservative for fruits and vegetables; Oligo Chitosan has the effects of improving immunity, inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, promoting mineral absorption, proliferating human body parts, beneficial bacteria, and prevention. It is a popular health care functional food in Japan, the United States and South Korea. As an oligosaccharide, chitosan can also be added as food ingredients It is used in food to improve the flavor, etc.